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RESUME

Leonora Adamchuk, Valerii Brovarskyi

High Productive Plants for Beekeeping

A feature of apiculture sphere is the close relation between feed provision and productivity
of bee families. This is because the main products obtained from bees (honey, bee pollen and
bee bread) are their food. Unlike cattle, bees must be provided with a fodder base, instead of
feed itself. That is because the bees prepare and process it into the concentrate they need. It
is acceptable to feed the bees manually, during the periods when the natural feed sources
are absent. However, it is irrationally and economically unprofitable to fully provide bee
families with artificially prepared feed. In this case the obtaining of natural products from
bees are excluded.
The major sources of feed for bees and, consequently, for products of the sphere are flora.
The volumes of nectar and bee-pollen, produced by plants are not equal and differ in the
range of one species. Melliferous plant is considered to be high productive if there can be
obtained more than 100 kg/ha honey from it inclusively. The products of bee-keeping can
be received from the array of plants of one species, for example, from agricultural crops, such
as sunflower, buckwheat, clover, as well as from natural populations of wild-growing
species. The key to keeping healthy bee families is to use the planet's overall biodiversity.
Thus, alongside with the nectar, the feed, gathered from different plants includes compounds
and elements, necessary for regular vital activity of bees. At the same time, there is a
necessity to introduce the crops of wild-growing melliferous species into the agricultural
crops for crop rotation diversity, cultivation specifically for bees or using soils inappropriate
for agricultural production.

This book is dedicated to the following high productive plants – Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.,
Borago officinalis L., Melilotus albus Medik., Coriandrum sativum L., Silybum marianum (L.)
Gaertn., Carthamus tinctorius L., Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.,
Echium vulgare L., Valeriana officinalis L., Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai.,
Origanum vulgare L., Dracocephalum moldavica L., Solidago canadensis L., Epilobium
angustifolium L., Hyssopus officinalis L., Galega orientalis Lam., Sanguisorba officinalis L.,
Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze., Melissa officinalis L., Echinops sphaerocephalus L.,
Leonurus quinquelobatus Gilib., Polemonium caeruleum L., Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.,
Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench., Silphium perfoliatum L., Cichorium intybus L., Lonicera
tatarica L., Thymus serpyllum L., Salvia officinalis L., Lycium barbarum L.
The description of species includes their botanical characteristics, main chemical
composition, cultivation and growing technique. It is specified the value of the plants for
apicultural use – nectar, honey and bee pollen production efficiency, the properties of honey
and the characteristic of pollen grains from different types of plants.

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